It will take $15 billion in grants during 2022 and another $10 billion annually after that to establish and maintain an adequate toolkit to respond to COVID-19 and address future pandemic threats, according to four organizations focused on global health and the economy.

A “revolution” in technology that helped scientists develop Covid-19 vaccines in under a year must be sped up, so that when the next pandemic arrives a shot can be ready in 100 days, an international coalition said on March 10.

Clover Biopharmaceuticals raised a $230 million series C round co-led by GL Ventures and Temasek, which will push the Chinese fusion protein company’s Covid-19 vaccine into Phase II/III testing and production planning.

Novavax

Novavax Inc. said the company’s coronavirus vaccine was 89.3% effective in preventing Covid-19 in a trial conducted in the United Kingdom, and was nearly as effective in protecting against the more highly contagious variant first discovered in the UK, according to a preliminary analysis.

Some 172 countries are engaging with the COVAX facility designed to ensure equitable access to Covid-19 vaccines, the World Health Organization said, but more funding is needed and countries need now to make binding commitments.

Novavax Inc. said South Korea’s SK bioscience would manufacture a component of the U.S. drug developer’s experimental coronavirus vaccine in a bid to boost the clinical-stage biotechnology company’s supply.

The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation (CEPI) plans to have two or three manufacturing plants for each vaccine, James Robinson, a longtime biopharma executive leading CEPI’S vast manufacturing push, said in an interview.

Maryland-based Novavax snagged $384 in additional grant funding to advance the company’s vaccine candidate against COVID-19.