It will take $15 billion in grants during 2022 and another $10 billion annually after that to establish and maintain an adequate toolkit to respond to COVID-19 and address future pandemic threats, according to four organizations focused on global health and the economy.

German biotech company Evotec said on Monday the company had received a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to help identify and develop potential monoclonal antibody (mAbS) drugs for the prevention of severe Covid-19.

The National Institute of Health (NIH) reinstated a $7.5 million grant to the nonprofit research organization EcoHealth Alliance.

Framingham, Massachusetts-based Alzheon was awarded a $47 million grant over five years from the U.S. National Institute on Aging (NIA), part of the National Institutes of Health, to assist with a Phase III clinical trial of ALZ-801.

The best-known genetic marker for Alzheimer’s disease is ApoE4 – a form of apolipoprotein E – which is a protein involved in repairing neurons injured by aging, stroke or other reasons.